With the influence of people’s lifestyle changes and other factors, the number of new cases of colorectal cancer in China has reached 130,000 per annum, and it has been increasing at an average annual rate of 4%. According to the latest statistics, the proportion of colorectal cancer in 40-year-olds accounts for about 20% of the total number of colorectal cancers. China has entered the ranks of high incidence areas of colorectal cancer. The large intestine is one of the digestive organs of the human body. Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor originating from the epithelial tissue of the large intestine, including colon cancer, rectal cancer and anal canal cancer. It is one of the most common malignant tumors.
The main cause and prevention of colorectal cancer
The cause of colorectal cancer is not fully understood. The main reasons include:
(1) Eating habits: such as high protein and high The incidence of colorectal cancer is high in fat and low-fiber diets.
(2) precancerous lesions: such as adenoma, schistosomiasis colitis and ulcerative colitis and other patients are prone to colorectal cancer.
(3) Family history: Some people with family members have colorectal cancer, and immediate relatives have a higher risk of colorectal cancer.
The most important thing to prevent colorectal cancer is to change the high-fat, high-protein, low-fiber diet and early detection of precancerous lesions such as colorectal adenoma, and to block the cancerous process through active intervention. For high-risk groups of colorectal cancer, colonoscopy should be performed regularly.
How to detect colorectal cancer early
Early detection of colorectal cancer relies on reasonable screening, rather than checking for symptoms. The population can be divided into three categories, and different groups receive different screening programs.
(1) General population: After 45 years of age, screening for colorectal cancer can be started, and an average of 5-10 years is performed.
(2) High-risk groups: those with gastrointestinal symptoms (especially those with blood in the stool, frequent stools, mucus and abdominal pain), we recommend screening for colorectal cancer around 40 years old, with an average of 3-5. Receive an inspection once a year.
(3) People with a family history of genetics: We recommend visiting the large oncology center as soon as possible, through careful collection of family history by experienced clinicians and some necessary examinations, including genetic testing. Determine if the population has a genetic predisposition. If there is a genetic predisposition, the clinician closely follows the follow-up protocol for a particular hereditary tumor. If there is no obvious genetic predisposition, follow up according to the screening program for high-risk groups.
Detection of colorectal cancer
(1) Anal finger examination
(2) Fecal occult blood test can be used to find a small amount of recessive (latent) blood in the stool. This check is very cheap and does not cause any discomfort to the patient. If the test result is positive, a further examination is required to find out the exact cause of the bleeding.
(3) Fiber colonoscopy
(4) Barium enema
(5) CT
(6) Nuclear magnetic resonance
(7)PET
Common symptoms of colorectal cancer
(1) Blood in the stool, change in stool shape, change in bowel habits
(2) Abdominal pain and abdominal discomfort
(3) Abdominal mass
(4) Acute and chronic intestinal obstruction symptoms:
For example, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, anal stop venting, defecation, etc.
(5) acute perforation or peritonitis symptoms: patients with sudden severe abdominal pain, total abdominal tenderness, rebound tenderness, plate-like abdominal, fever and systemic poisoning symptoms, should consider whether or not combined perforation.
Can colorectal cancer be cured?
Colorectal cancer is one of the best treatments for malignant tumors in various parts of the body, especially in digestive tract tumors.
In the past 10 years, with the continuous advancement of cancer treatment programs, the life of patients with colorectal cancer has been continuously extended, and early patients can be cured. The treatment regimen containing esazadine has cured more than 40,000 patients with colorectal cancer in the last 10 years.
The Cancer Hospital of Fudan University summarized the survival of 844 patients undergoing anterior resection of rectal cancer from 1999 to 2004. The overall 5-year survival rate was as high as 75%, of which I stage 94.25%, II. The period is 84.46% and the phase III is 62.90%, reaching the international leading level. That is to say, 75 of 100 rectal cancer patients can be completely cured. For the early detection of colorectal cancer (stage I), more than 90% can be completely cured.
Therefore, patients with colorectal cancer should not be discouraged, do not give up treatment or delay treatment, must go to the regular hospital, especially the oncology hospital for standardized treatment, through the joint efforts of patients and doctors, together Conquering colorectal cancer.